Título: TERAPIA HORMONAL EM PACIENTES NO CLIMATÉRIO COM COMORBIDADES: DIVERGÊNCIAS DAS ABORDAGENS TERAPÊUTICAS ENTRE AS ESPECIALIDADES NO PARANÁ.
Autores: GABRIELLA GRETTER TEIXEIRA, BRUNA MARTINS PEREIRA, ISABELLA MOTTIN CAVASSO, GABRIELA CRISTINE BUENO KRAST, JAIME KULAK JÚNIOR
Categoria: Prospectivo
Instituição de Ensino: DEPARTAMENTO DE TOCOTECNOLOGIA DA UFPR
Palavras Chave: TERAPIA HORMONAL; CLIMATÉRIO; ABORDAGENS TERAPÊUTICAS.
Trabalho: INTRODUÇÃO: O climatério é marcado pela hipofunção ovariana. Os sintomas dessa fase interferem na produtividade e na qualidade de vida das pacientes. Dessa forma, a Terapia Hormonal (TH) é recomendada pelas diretrizes como uma opção segura e eficaz. Entretanto, existem divergências entre especialidades na adoção de TH em mulheres com comorbidades.
OBJETIVO: Esse trabalho busca analisar as diferentes abordagens terapêuticas adotadas no climatério em pacientes com comorbidades por ginecologistas e endocrinologistas no estado do Paraná, com foco na adesão às diretrizes clínicas vigentes.
MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, analítico e transversal, com coleta prospectiva de dados, por questionários eletrônicos aplicados entre os meses de agosto e dezembro de 2024. A amostra foi composta por ginecologistas e endocrinologistas atuantes no estado do Paraná.
RESULTADOS: Esse estudo analisou as abordagens terapêuticas de 101 médicos, sendo 52 ginecologistas e 49 endocrinologistas, em quatro casos clínicos de pacientes com comorbidades. No que se refere a uma paciente em menopausa inicial, com aumento de gordura abdominal e corporal total, DM2 diagnosticada, elevados níveis de HbA1C, CT, LDL e HDL baixo: apenas 55,8% dos ginecologistas prescreveram TH via transdérmica, ao passo que 79,6% dos endocrinologistas escolheram essa opção (p-valor = 0,01). Em paciente nos primeiros anos pós-menopausa, com DM, HAS, obesidade e queixas SVM: 34,6% dos ginecologistas optaram por métodos que não a TH transdérmica, apenas 12,2% dos endocrinologistas tiveram a mesma conduta (p-valor = 0,02). No caso em que a paciente na pós-menopausa, com DM2, queixa-se de SVM e baixo rendimento, piora na qualidade de vida e do sono: enquanto os endocrinologistas foram praticamente unânimes em prescrever TH (97,9%), 21,1% dos ginecologistas optaram por tibolona ou métodos alternativos sem estradiol (p-valor = 0,01). A respeito de paciente na menopausa, com aumento de gordura abdominal e corporal total, HAS, glicemia elevada e níveis de colesterol anormais: não houve discrepância, 44,2% dos ginecologistas e 57,1% dos endocrinologistas optaram a TH via transdérmica (p-valor = 0,73).
CONCLUSÃO: Os endocrinologistas prescreveram mais a TH sistêmica para pacientes com comorbidades quando comparados aos ginecologistas e optaram majoritariamente por fazê-lo pela via transdérmica. Essa via não possui primeira passagem hepática, portanto é a TH sugerida para esse perfil de paciente.
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